DEGREES OF COMPARISON
It tells us whether an adjective or an adverb is offering a comparison.
❖ Positive Degree
❖ Comparative Degree
❖ Superlative Degree
Type Positive Comparative Superlative I No other … than any other the ……( est ) So….. as
As…. As
II Very few many other / one of the As… as most other
III not…. So…as than --------
TYPE 1:
Examples:
1. No other metal is so light as Aluminum. [ p ]
Aluminum is lighter than any other metal.[ c ]
Aluminum is the lightest metal.[ s ]
2. No other animal is as ferocious as the tiger.[ p ]
Tiger is more ferocious than any other animal.[ c ]
Tiger is the most ferocious animal.[ s ]
3. No other boy is as clever as Ramu in the class [ p ]
Ramu is cleverer than all other boys in the class [ c ]
Ramu is the cleverest boy in the class. [ s ]
TYPE 2 :
Examples:
1. Very few birds are as beautiful as the Parrot. [ p ] The Parrot is more beautiful than many other birds. [ c ] The Parrot is one of the most beautiful birds. [ s ]
2. Very few cities are as large as Chennai. [ p ] Chennai is larger than most other cities.[c] Chennai is one of the largest cities.[s]
3. Very few fruits are as tasty as the apple.[p] The apple is tastier than many other fruits.[c] The apple is one of the tastiest fruits.[s]
TYPE 3 :
1. Krishna is not so rich as Rama.[p]
Rama is richer than Krishna.[c]
2. The Lotus is not as beautiful as the Rose.[p]
The Rose is more beautiful than the Lotus.[c]
3. India is not as large as China.[p]
China is larger than India.[c]
4. Cookies are not so soft as cakes.[p]
Cakes are softer than Cookies.[c]
5. The assistant is as capable as his master.[p]
The master is not more capable than the assistant.[c]
FORMATION OF ADJECTIVES:
1. To compare a monosyllabic word , add “ er / est”
Bright - brighter– brightest
Kind – kinder– kindest
Rich – richer – richest
Sweet – sweeter– sweetest
Tall – taller– tallest
2. To compare a monosyllabic word that ends with „ e‟ , add “ r / st”
Fine – finer – finest
Large – larger –largest
Noble- nobler – noblest
Nice – nicer- nicest
Wise – wiser – wisest
3. If an adjective ends with „ y‟ and it is preceded by a consonant y , add ier / iest”
Dry – drier– driest
Happy– happier– happiest
Healthy – healthier– healthiest
Lucky – luckier– luckiest
4. If an adjective ends with „ y‟ and it is preceded by a vowel , add “ er / est”
Gay – gayer– gayest
Gray – grayer– grayest
5. If an adjective ends with a “ consonants” and it is preceded by a „vowel‟ , double the consonants and add , „ er / est‟
Big-bigger – biggest
Fat – fatter – fattest
Hot – hotter – hottest
Red – redder – reddest
Thin – thinner – thinnest
6. If an adjective ends with a „ consonant‟ and the preceding letters are „ double vowels‟ add „ er / est‟
Cool – cooler – coolest
Deep – deeper – deepest
7. For adjective having „two or more syllables‟ put „more‟ and „ most‟
Intelligent – more intelligent – most intelligent Beautiful – more beautiful – most beautiful Comfortable – more comfortable – most comfortable Difficult – more difficult – most difficult
Useful – more useful – most useful 8. Irregular comparison:
Good / well – better – best
Bad - worse - worst
Many / much – more – most
Little – less – least
Far – farther – farthest
9. Adjectives with two comparatives :
Old – older / elder – oldest / eldest
Late – later / latter – latest / lattest
NOTE:
‘elder’ is never followed by ‘ than’ It is followed by ‘to’
Jack is elder to Jill
EXERCISES: [1 MARK]
1.Sona is _____ than Seema
[smarter , as smart as, the smartest] 2. The elephant is the ____ animal. [ larger than , as large as , largest] 3. No other boy is ___ as Arya.
[clever than, cleverest, as clever]
4.The Himalayas are ____ mountains. [the tallest , taller, tall ]
5. America is ____ country in the world. [the richer, the richest, rich]
6. Hare runs ____ than a tortoise.
[as fast as, faster, fastest]
7.Iron is ____ than aluminium.
[the heaviest , heavier, heavy than] 8. Gold is the ____ of all the metals. [ costliest, costlier , costly ]
9. Ooty is ____ kodaikanal.
[ as cool as, cool than , coolest as] 10. The moon is the ____ planet to the earth. [ near , nearer , nearest ]
11. Very few boys in the class are ____ Shyam. [ intelligent than , as intelligent as , more intelligent than ] 12. The Nile is _____ river in the world.
[ the longest , one of the longest , longer than ] 13. Ravi is more capable ____ boys.
[ than any other, as the other , than most other ] 14. No other metal is ____ Platinum.
[ heavy as , so heavy as , more heavier as ]
15. Ramani is _____ girls in this group.
[ one of the tallest , the tallest , as tall as any other ] 16. No other boy is ____ Babu.
[most smart as, more smarter, so smart as]
17. The cream cake is ___ the plain cake.
[ as expensive as, not expensive than , most expensive ] 18. No other boy in the class is ____ Krishna [ most naughty , more naughty than, as naughty as ] 19 The man is ___ than the boy.
[ as tall as, tallest, taller ]
20. This mango is ____ that mango
[ as sweet as , sweeter , sweetest ]
21. Very few cities in India are ___ Mumbai [ more populous as, as populous as, the most populous ] 22. This is _____ in this book.
[ longer lesson than, as long lesson as, the longest lesson ] 23. Very few birds in the world are ____ as peacock. [ more beautiful , as beautiful , most beautiful ]
24. Ants work ____ any other insect. [ hardest than , harder than , hard]
25. No other street in this area is _____ this one. [ as busy as, the busiest , as busy than ]
EXERCISES: [2 MARKS]
1. Smitha is 5 feet tall.
Kumar is 4.5 feet tall.
Prema is 5.5 feet tall.
Nina is 3.5 feet tall.
Mohan is 6 feet tall.
2. Hari is 14 years old.
Suresh is 16 years old.
Prabhu is14 years old.
John is 12 years old.
Anwar is 10 years old.
3. Cynthya`s ribbon is 15 cm long. Nema`s ribbon is 8 cm long
Fia`s ribbon is 12 cm long.
Ramya`s ribbon is 20cm long.
Reen `s ribbon is 16 cm long.
4. Tower A is 90 feet high.
Tower B is 120 feet high.
Tower C is 160 feet high.
Tower D is 220 feet high.
5. Village roads 12 feet wide. City corporation 35 feet wide.
Municipality 30 feet wide.
State highways 40 feet wide.
National highways 60 feet wide.
6. Mani`s shirt costs Rs 75. Gokul`s shirt costs Rs 65.
Venu`s shirt costs Rs 90.
Vivek`s shirt costs Rs 150.
7. Raghu bought 11apples. Mamta bought 9 apples.
Deepa bought 7 apples.
Gopal bought 5 apples.
8. Deepak scored 99 runs.
Mithu scored 100 runs.
Sekar scored 75 runs.
Vasu scored 35 runs.
9. Teresa’s weight is 60 kilograms. Jessy`s weight is 48 kilograms. Charles`s weight is 62 kilograms.
Joy’s weight is 39 kilograms.
Joe’s weight is 52 kilograms.
10. Place hot
Chennai 101’f
Vellore 103’f
Madurai 102’f
Trichy 104’f
Coimbatore 99’f
EXERCISES : [ 2 MARKS]
1. Platinum is one of the heaviest metals [ into positive] 2 .Very few writers are as famous as Tagore [into comparative] 3. No other book is so useful as a dictionary .[ into superlative ] 4. Birds flu is more dangerous than any other diseases .[ into superlative ] 5. Ruby is more precious than Pearl .[ into positive]
6. you are better than me [ into positive ]
7. Sindu is as handsome as Julie.[ into comparative]
8. The peacock is the loveliest of all birds [ into positive ] 9. Milk is the healthiest diet .[ into comparative ]
10. Very few streets are as ugly as Ours [into comparative] 11. The dog is one of the most faithful animals [into Positive] 12. Shyam is duller than most other boys in the class [into superlative ]
KEY ANSWERS:
I. 1. Smarter 2. Largest 3. As clever 4. The tallest 5. The richest 6 Faster 7. Heavier 8. Costliest 9.as cool as 10. Nearest 11. As intelligent as 12. The longest 13. Than most other 14. So heavy as 15. One of the tallest 16. So smart as 17. As expensive as 18. As naughty as 19. taller 20. As sweet as 21. As populous as 22. the longest 23. As beautiful as 24. Harder than 25. as busy as
II.
1. Mohan is the tallest of all.
2. Suresh is the oldest of all
3. Ramya’s ribbon is the longest of all.
4. Tower D is the highest of all.
5. National highways is the widest of all.
6. Vivek’s shirt is the costliest of all.
7.Raghu bought the most of all the apples.
8. Mithu scored the highest of all.
9. Terea’s weight is the heaviest of all.
10. Trichy is the hottest of all.
HINT:
Subject + Verb + the best / the highest + of all III.
1. Very few metals are as heavy as platinum. 2. Tagore is more famous than many other writers. 3. Dictionary is the most useful book.
4. Bird flu is one of the most dangerous diseases. 5. Pearl is not so precious as Ruby
6. I am not so good as you.
7. Julian is not more handsome than Sindu. 8. No other birds is as lovely as the Peacock. 9. Milk is healthier than many other diet. 10. Ours is uglier than many other streets. 11. Very few animals is as faithful as the dog. 12. Shyam is one of the dullest boys in the class.
PREPARED BY
S.VASANTHI
B.T.ASSISTANT (ENGLISH)
TIRUPATTUR DISTRICT.
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